Vorträge

Quite often, we wonder about the people around us but we are too shy to actually ask. On Thursday 27.02.2020, the Institute für Mathematik has organised a presentation about the one that is – up to the current date and not for very long – its latest “outstanding” acquisition.

During the presentation, you will finally be able to respond to the following questions:

- Why is he so fascinating?

- What was his last piece of work?

- What has he done during his first month?

These and any other question will be discussed during the meeting and who knows, maybe one day, in your closest cinema.

Moving-boundary flow simulations are an important design and analysis tool in many areas, including civil and biomedical engineering, as well as production engineering. Interface-capturing offers flexibility for complex free-surface motion, while interface-tracking is very attractive due to its mass conservation properties at low resolution. We focus on these alternatives in the context of flow simulations based on stabilized finite element discretizations of Navier-Stokes equations, including space-time formulations that allow extra flexibility concerning grid design at the interface.

Space-time approaches offer some not-yet-fully-exploited advantages; among them, the potential to allow some degree of unstructured space-time meshing. A method for generating simplex space-time meshes has been developed, allowing arbitrary temporal refinement in selected portions of space-time slabs. The method increases the flexibility of space-time discretizations, even in the absence of dedicated space-time mesh generation tools. The resulting tetrahedral and pentatope meshes are being used in the context of cavity filling flow simulations, such as those necessary to design injection molding processes.

We show the existence of solutions of nonlinear non-autonomous Cauchy problems
\[
\partial_t u(t,x) - \nabla_x \cdot (a(t,x)\nabla_xu(t,x))= f(t,x,u(t,x),\nabla u(t,x)),
\qquad u(0,\cdot)=u_0
\]
for a bounded open set $\Omega\subseteq \mathbb R^n$.
The coefficient matrix $a$ is supposed to be symmetric, uniformly elliptic,
Lipschitz continuous w.r.t.\ $t\in(0,\tau)$ and measurable w.r.t.\ $x\in\Omega$;
the nonlinearity $f$ is required to satisfy a linear growth condition.
We show that, given $u_0\in H_0^1(\Omega)$, there exists $u\in L_2(0,\tau;H_0^1(\Omega))
\cap H^1(0,\tau;L_2(\Omega))$ solving the problem mentioned above.

The proof relies on Schaefer's fixed point theorem. In the
course of the proof one uses maximal regularity properties of solutions of
inhomogeneous linear problems and compact embeddings of vector-valued Sobolev spaces.

The result partly generalises [ArCh10].

The talk is based on joint work with Wolfgang Arendt and Jürgen Voigt.


[ArCh10] W. Arendt, R. Chill: Global existence for quasilinear
diffusion equations in isotropic nondivergence form. Ann. Sc. Norm. Super. Pisa
Cl. Sci. (5) IX, 523-539 (2010).

The question of possible generalisations of the operation of differentiation towards fractional powers can be traced back to a letter from L'Hospital to Leibniz in 1695 ([1]).
Since this time, mathematicians developed plenty of different approaches to fractional differentiation and integration generalising different aspects of the known theory.
The possibly most prominent examples are the fractional derivatives (and integrals) of Riemann-Liouville and Weyl ([4]).
Both can also be understood as instances of the sectorial functional calculus of sectorial operators as it was introduced in [2] and further promoted in [3].
Nonetheless, a direct use of the abstract techniques from operator theory seems to be rare in applications.
Therefore, the talk aims for introducing the audience in the basic principles of functional calculus and how to use it to recover the above mentioned instances of fractional derivatives.


$\mathbf{References}$

[1] B. Ross. The Development of Fractional Calculus 1695--1900. $\mathit{\text{Historia Math., 4(1):}}$ 75--89, 1977.

[2] A. McIntosh. Operators which have an $H_{\infty}$ functional calculus. $\mathit{\text{Miniconference on operator theory and partial differential equations:}}$ 210--231, 1986.

[3] M. Haase. $\mathit{\text{The Functional Calculus for Sectorial Operators,}}$ volume 169 of $\mathit{\text{Operator Theory: Advances and Applications.}}$ Birkhäuser Basel, 2006.

[4] K. S. Miller and B. Ross. $\mathit{\text{An Introduction to the Fractional Calculus and Fractional Differential Equations.}}$ John Wiley & Sons, 1993.

Im Maschinen- und Automobilbau werden für mechanisch extrem beanspruchte, temperatur- und chemikalienbeständige Bauteile Elastomerwerkstoffe benötigt. Typische Beispiele sind Reifen, Zahn- und Keilriemen, Motor- und Aggregatelager, Luftfedern und Fahrwerkbuchsen sowie statisch und dynamisch beanspruchte Dichtungen. Die Anforderungen bezüglich Zuverlässigkeit und Leistungsdichte sind speziell in Verbindung mit den hochsensiblen, sicherheitsrelevanten Funktionen der Bauteile besonders hoch.
Insbesondere im Rahmen der Digitalisierung in der Produktion gewinnen Simulationsmodelle verstärkt an Bedeutung. Viele Verarbeitungsschritte in der Herstellung von Elastomerbauteilen beginnend mit dem Mischen, dem Walzen und der Extrusion oder des Spritzgießens, über die Vulkanisation beeinflussen die endgültigen mechanischen Eigenschaften. Im Laufe ihres Einsatzlebens verändern sich diese Eigenschaften auf Grund von thermo-oxidativer Alterung, so dass auch Lebensdauervorhersagen zur einer Herausforderung werden. Die zuverlässige Erstellung von „Digitalen Zwillingen“ für Elastomerbauteile bedarf so einer Beschreibung vieler auch untereinander gekoppelter Effekte.
Dieser Vortrag bietet Einblicke in verschiedene Modellierungsansätze einzelner Abschnitte des Leben von Elastomeren. Hauptfokus ist hierbei die Beschreibung der mechanischen Eigenschaften unter Berücksichtigung der Vernetzung und Alterung.

Language of the talk is going to be either German or English depending on the audience preferences.

Positive Kernels provide methods to solve multivariate interpolation problems, but standard kernel methods usually lead to ill-conditioned linear systems. Therefore, a suitable choice of interpolation centers and basis functions reqiures particular care.

In this talk, i will give an introduction to kernel based approximation and discuss greedy point selection strategies, which will improve the stability of the interpolation method.